class 10 science chapter 8 note | CELL BIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY

10^th Class Chapter - 8 CELL BIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY

Chapter - 8.2                                                             < Chapter - 8.1

Part - 2

CELL BIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY

Biotechnology:-

• Biotechnology is beginning about artificial genetic changes and hybridization in organism for human welfare.
• There are various branches of science like cytology, bio chemistry, molecular biology, genetic engineering this all included is biotechnology
• It is used for performing for improving for agricultural yield.
• Production of antibodies, vitamins and hormones like insulin have been successful.
• Technique of tissue-culture is used to improve the quality of high-class variety of crop.

Biotechnology includes following main areas.

1 Yoghourt production from milk Alcohol from molasses

2 Production of antibodies and vaccines

3 Use of bio molecules like DNA and proteins in human welfare

4 Production of human growth hormone

5 Use of genetic and non-genetic technique.

Benefits of Biotechnology:-

• Increase in yield of crop-land area.
• Development of resistant varieties.
• Yield per annum has been increased.
• Stress resistant varieties water stress, changing fertility of soil.

class 10 science chapter 8 note | CELL BIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY

Commercial Applications of Biotechnology:-

1.     Crop Biotechnology – a) Hybrid Seeds b) Genetically Modified Crops.

BT Cotton:-

Golden Rice:-

Herbicide tolerant plants:-

c) Bio fertilizers:      

2. Animol Husbandry:-        

Two main methods as artificial insemination and embryo transfer are used

• It helps to improve both the quality & quality of animal product
• Ex Milk, meat, wool. Etc.

3.     Human Health:-

• Biotechnology helps to identify the role of gone of any disease.
• Diagnosis of diabetes and heart diseases has become possible.
• Diagnosis of diseases like AIDS and dengue can be done in few minutes.
• Different medicine are used in treatment of diseases.
• Insulin can be prepared with the help of bacteria.
• Different types of vaccines and antibiotic we also produced in the same way a) Vaccines and Vaccination b) Treatment c) Interferon d) Gene Therapy e) Cloning – i) Reproductive Closing ii) Therapeutic Cloning

4. Industrial Products / White Biotechnology

5. Environment and Biotechnology

6. Food Biotechnology.

7 .DNA finger printing:-

Important stages in agriculture development:-

Green Revolution:-

Various methods applied for harvesting maximum yield from minimum land are collectively called as green revolution.

White Revolution:-

Self – Sufficiency is dairy business, Various Experiments were performed for quality controls, newer dairy products and their preservation.

Blue revolution:-

Production of various useful aquatic organisms with the help of water is called as blue revolution marine and fresh water fishery is possible on large scale.

Fertilizers:-

Fertilizers are used in agriculture there are two types of fertilizers

1) Organic Manure

2) Chemical Fertilizers

 

Insecticides:-

The natural immunity of plants can prevent the infections, by  use of  insecticides

Organic Farming:-

Organic products are being available and demand in ever-increasing.

Apiculture:-

Method of harvesting  honey bees and collecting honey without destroying the hive and bees, in artificial bee bores is called  apiculture.

Cultivation of Medicinal plants:-

Medicinal plants are being cultivated due to depletion in forest area.

Fruit Processing:-

Products are prepared from fruits like chocolates, juices, jams, and jellies, fruits are perishable agro-produce.

10^th Class LESSON NO- 8   CELL BIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY